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In March, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 5.7% year-on-year (the growth rate of added value was the actual growth rate after deducting price factors). From a month-on-month perspective, in March, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 0.28% compared to the previous month. From January to March, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 6.1% year-on-year.   Looking at the three major categories, in March, the added value of the mining industry increased by 5.7% year-on-year, the manufacturing industry increased by 6.0%, and the production and supply of electricity, heat, gas, and water increased by 3.5%.   By economic type, in March, the added value of state-owned holding enterprises increased by 5.9% year-on-year; joint stock enterprises increased by 6.2%, while foreign and Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan invested enterprises increased by 3.7%; private enterprises grew by 4.0%.   Our company focuses on the production and supply of high-quality castings, including injection molding machine castings, punch press castings, machine tool castings, ductile iron castings, iron castings and grey iron castings, providing stable support for the steady development of the manufacturing industry.

Since the beginning of this year, the National Development and Reform Commission has conscientiously implemented the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and worked with relevant parties to optimize the implementation of the "two new" policies. Based on the solid planning and reserve of equipment renewal projects in the early stage, the Commission has quickly organized project applications, strictly conducted audits and checks, and accelerated the implementation and effectiveness of equipment renewal policies. Recently, the first batch of 93.6 billion yuan of ultra long-term special treasury bond support equipment renewal funds in 2026 has been released, supporting about 4500 projects in industries, energy and power, education, medical care, grain and oil processing, customs inspection, old residential elevators, energy conservation, carbon reduction and environmental protection, recycling and recycling, and driving the total investment of more than 460 billion yuan. These industrial upgrading and equipment renewal efforts have strongly boosted the demand for key mechanical casting products such as injection molding machine castings, punch press castings, machine tool castings, ductile iron castings, iron castings and grey iron castings. At the same time, we will continue to support the scrapping and renewal of old operating trucks, new energy city buses, and old agricultural machinery by directly allocating funds to local governments.   Next, the National Development and Reform Commission will work with relevant parties to continuously coordinate and track the scheduling, strengthen the management of equipment renewal projects and the entire funding chain, solidly promote project construction, accelerate the improvement of fund utilization efficiency, and further leverage the effectiveness of the "two new" policies.

Application Fields & Advantages of Iron Castings Iron castings, covering grey iron castings, ductile iron castings and general iron casting products, are widely applied in various industries thanks to their outstanding performance. Among them, ductile iron castings stand out with superior comprehensive properties and are extensively matched with key mechanical equipment, including but not limited to: Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing: Injected into core equipment production such asinjection molding machine castings, punch press castings and machine tool castings, providing stable, high-strength structural supports for plastic molding, stamping processing and precision machining. Automotive Industry: Used in key components including engines, transmissions, steering gears, brakes, drive shafts and suspension systems. Agricultural Machinery Industry: Applied to tractors, combine harvesters, seeders, irrigation machinery, rice transplanters and other agricultural equipment. Construction Machinery: Used in concrete pump trucks, dump trucks, excavators, loaders and other engineering machinery. Petroleum Machinery: Suitable for oil well drilling rigs, oilfield production equipment, fracturing pumps and other oil extraction and processing devices. Railway Transportation: Used in railway infrastructure such as rails, switches and sleepers. Advantages and Development Prospects Excellent Mechanical Properties: Ductile iron castings feature high strength, high toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, effectively adapting to complex working conditions. Grey iron castings also offer good casting performance and shock absorption, satisfying different application scenarios. Cost-Effective: Compared with cast steel, iron castings, especially ductile iron castings, feature lower material cost and higher casting efficiency, helping enterprises reduce overall production costs. Broad and Expanding Applications: From injection molding machines, punch presses to machine tools, automotive and engineering machinery, iron castings have been widely used. With technological progress and the continuous development of the machinery manufacturing industry, the application scope of grey iron castings, ductile iron castings and customized iron casting products will be further expanded. In summary, as important foundational casting materials, ductile iron castings, grey iron castings and other iron casting products play an irreplaceable role in modern machinery manufacturing. Supported by technological innovation and market demand, the development prospects of various iron castings including injection molding machine castings, punch press castings and machine tool castings will be increasingly promising.

Detailed Introduction to Ductile Iron Castings Ductile iron castings are an important casting material widely used in the modern mechanical manufacturing industry. As a key branch of iron casting products, ductile iron castings are closely related to other common casting types such as grey iron castings, and are widely applied in the production of core components for various mechanical equipment, including injection molding machine castings, punch press castings, and machine tool castings. The following is a detailed introduction to ductile iron castings, covering their definition, characteristics, main raw materials, components, production process, and their connection with other related castings: 1. Definition and Characteristics Ductile iron castings, as a high-performance type of iron casting, are castings made through the professional ductile iron casting process. Different from grey iron castings with flake graphite distribution, this process uses rare earth magnesium alloy as a spheroidizing agent to convert graphite in cast iron from flake to spherical, significantly improving the casting’s mechanical properties—especially plasticity and toughness, which are key indicators distinguishing ductile iron castings from ordinary iron casting products. Compared with grey iron castings, ductile iron castings have more excellent comprehensive characteristics, determining their wider application in key mechanical components. Specifically, their advantages include high strength, high toughness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, making them ideal for manufacturing core parts bearing large loads, withstanding frequent impacts, and working in harsh environments—such as key components of injection molding machine castings, punch press castings, and machine tool castings. For instance, the main body and stress-bearing parts of injection molding machine castings often adopt ductile iron castings to ensure stable operation under high pressure; the flywheel and transmission parts of punch press castings rely on ductile iron castings’ high toughness to avoid fracture during high-speed stamping; the bed and guide rail parts of machine tool castings use their high strength and wear resistance to maintain precision and service life during long-term operation. Notably, though both ductile iron castings and grey iron castings belong to iron casting products, their performance differences are obvious. Grey iron castings have good casting fluidity, low cost, and good shock absorption, making them suitable for non-key load-bearing parts such as the shell of injection molding machine castings and the base of punch press castings. In contrast, ductile iron castings, with superior mechanical properties, are more used in core load-bearing parts, forming a complementary relationship with grey iron castings in mechanical manufacturing. In addition, ductile iron castings have good machinability and casting performance. They can be processed into various complex shapes to meet the structural requirements of different mechanical components, such as the irregular stress-bearing parts of machine tool castings and the precision components of injection molding machine castings. Their mature casting process also enables mass production, effectively reducing the production cost of related products like injection molding machine castings, punch press castings, and machine tool castings, and promoting the development of the mechanical manufacturing industry. 2. Main Raw Materials and Components Like other iron casting products such as grey iron castings, the production of ductile iron castings relies on high-quality raw materials and scientific component matching. The main raw materials include cast iron and steel; adding appropriate amounts of magnesium, rare earth elements, and other alloying elements forms the spherical graphite structure that distinguishes ductile iron castings from ordinary iron casting products. The specific raw materials and components are detailed below, with a brief comparison of their differences from grey iron castings: 2.1 Cast Iron Cast iron is the core raw material of ductile iron castings, accounting for over 80% of the total raw material content—similar to its proportion in grey iron castings. Its main components include iron, carbon, silicon, and manganese, with each element’s content strictly controlled to lay a foundation for subsequent spheroidizing treatment. Generally, carbon content is controlled between 3.6% and 4.0%, and silicon content between 2.0% and 2.8%. Excessively high carbon content may cause graphite floating, while too low carbon content affects spheroidization; silicon promotes graphite nucleation but excessive silicon increases brittleness. Compared with grey iron castings, ductile iron castings have stricter control over carbon and silicon content, as grey iron castings do not require spheroidizing treatment and have looser element content requirements. 2.2 Steel Steel is an auxiliary raw material for ductile iron castings, accounting for less than 20% of the total content. It also contains iron, carbon, silicon, and manganese, mainly used to adjust molten iron’s carbon content, reduce impurities, and improve purity. For ductile iron castings used in key components like injection molding machine castings, punch press castings, and machine tool castings, low-carbon steel (carbon content ≤0.2%) is usually selected to avoid excessive carbon affecting spheroidization and mechanical properties. In contrast, steel content in grey iron castings can be adjusted according to usage requirements, with looser control standards. 2.3 Magnesium Magnesium is the main alloying element for ductile iron castings, key to achieving their spherical graphite structure. Unlike grey iron castings, which do not require magnesium, ductile iron castings need an appropriate amount of magnesium during production. Magnesium reacts with sulfur in molten iron to eliminate sulfur’s interference on graphite spheroidization and promotes spherical graphite growth, improving plasticity and toughness. Residual magnesium content is strictly controlled between 0.035% and 0.055%—too little causes incomplete spheroidization (graphite remains flake-shaped), while too much increases brittleness and causes defects like shrinkage porosity and slag inclusion. 2.4 Rare Earth Elements Rare earth elements are important alloying elements for ductile iron castings, supporting the spheroidization process (unlike grey iron castings, which do not require them). Their main functions are: 1) enhancing spheroidization, eliminating interference from harmful elements (e.g., titanium, oxygen) to ensure uniform spherical graphite distribution; 2) improving strength and toughness, reducing brittleness for complex working conditions; 3) enhancing molten iron’s casting performance, reducing defects like cold shut and slag inclusion, and improving qualification rates. For ductile iron castings in high-demand scenarios (e.g., punch press castings, machine tool castings), yttrium-based heavy rare earths are often used as spheroidizing agents to improve performance stability. 2.5 Other Auxiliary Elements According to casting performance requirements, appropriate auxiliary elements (e.g., ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium) are added to ductile iron castings. Ferrosilicon acts as an inoculant to refine graphite balls and prevent white mouth defects; ferromanganese deoxidizes and adjusts manganese content to improve wear resistance; ferrochromium enhances strength and wear resistance for harsh environments. These elements are also used in grey iron castings, but their dosage and type vary based on different iron casting products’ performance requirements. 3. Production Process The production process of ductile iron castings is more complex and strict than that of grey iron castings, which is why ductile iron castings have better mechanical properties than ordinary iron casting products. The process mainly includes metal preparation, mold preparation, melting, pouring, heat treatment, and testing, with strict quality control in each link to ensure ductile iron castings meet the performance requirements of key mechanical components such as injection molding machine castings, punch press castings, and machine tool castings. Specific process links are detailed below: 3.1 Metal Preparation Metal preparation is the first link, directly affecting final casting quality, including raw material selection, inspection, and proportioning. High-quality cast iron, steel, magnesium, and rare earth elements are selected, with strict inspection of chemical composition and impurity content (e.g., sulfur content ≤0.02% to avoid affecting spheroidization). Raw materials are scientifically proportioned according to ductile iron castings’ performance requirements (e.g., those used in injection molding machine castings and punch press castings) to ensure molten iron’s element content meets predetermined standards. Compared with grey iron castings, ductile iron castings have higher requirements for raw material purity and proportioning accuracy, as any deviation affects spheroidization and final performance. 3.2 Mold Preparation Mold preparation ensures ductile iron castings’ shape and size accuracy. Appropriate mold materials (e.g., sand mold, metal mold) and molding methods are selected based on casting shape and size (e.g., complex machine tool castings, large punch press castings). Sand mold is widely used for its low cost, good formability, and suitability for mass production; metal mold is used for high-precision ductile iron castings (e.g., precision components of injection molding machine castings) to improve dimensional accuracy and surface finish. A reasonable gating system and riser are designed to ensure smooth molten iron flow and compensate for solidification shrinkage, reducing defects like shrinkage porosity. Ductile iron castings have a higher shrinkage rate than grey iron castings, so gating system/riser design is more critical, and cold iron is often used to shorten solidification time and improve density. 3.3 Melting Melting is a core link, directly determining molten iron quality and final casting performance, usually carried out in a cupola or electric furnace. Key operations include strict control of furnace temperature (1500–1550 ℃) and melting time (5–8 minutes of superheating/standing for purification), with tapping temperature at 1430–1460 ℃. Excessively high temperature causes excessive oxidation and impurities, affecting spheroidization; too low temperature leads to insufficient melting and uneven composition. Spheroidizing agents (rare earth magnesium alloy) and inoculants (e.g., silicon barium alloy) are added to achieve graphite spheroidization, with strict control of addition time and dosage. For large-section ductile iron castings (e.g., punch press disc castings), multiple inoculation treatments are needed to avoid graphite distortion. Compared with grey iron castings, ductile iron castings have stricter temperature control and spheroidizing/inoculant addition requirements—this is a key process difference. 3.4 Pouring Pouring involves pouring treated molten iron into molds, which solidify into ductile iron castings upon cooling. Key requirements include continuous, uniform pouring, and strict control of pouring speed and temperature (1300–1330 ℃). Stable pouring speed (not too fast or slow) avoids splashing, slag inclusions, or cold shut defects. Different ductile iron castings use different pouring processes: large-section punch press castings adopt bottom pouring and multi-internal runner distribution for stable filling; precision injection molding machine castings use slow, uniform pouring for dimensional accuracy. Ductile iron castings have worse molten iron fluidity than grey iron castings, so pouring speed and temperature control are more stringent to reduce defects.

Machine Tool Castings: Key Factors Affecting Quality Machine tool castings are key basic components in mechanical manufacturing, and like other common iron casting products such as injection molding machine castings and punch press castings, their quality directly affects the overall performance, precision and service life of mechanical equipment. As an important part of the iron casting industry, machine tool castings have higher requirements for quality and stability compared with ordinary iron casting products. This article focuses on analyzing the key factors affecting the quality of machine tool castings, including raw materials, casting processes, heat treatment, and inspection methods, and also involves the connection with other related castings such as injection molding machine castings and punch press castings. 1. Raw Materials: The Foundation of Quality 1.1 Material Selection The selection of raw materials is the primary link to ensure the quality of machine tool castings, and it is also an important basis for distinguishing different types of iron casting products. Common materials for machine tool castings, injection molding machine castings, and punch press castings include grey iron castings, ductile iron casting, and alloy cast iron, each with unique characteristics and applicable scenarios: Grey iron castings: It has excellent vibration damping performance, good castability and low production cost, which is widely used in the production of large machine beds, bases of machine tool castings, and non-load-bearing parts of injection molding machine castings and punch press castings. Ductile iron casting: It has high strength and toughness, and its mechanical properties are significantly better than ordinary iron casting products. It is suitable for high-load parts of machine tool castings, such as the main shaft support and transmission components, as well as key stress-bearing parts of punch press castings and injection molding machine castings. Alloy cast iron: It has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance, and is mainly used in machine tool castings, injection molding machine castings and punch press castings that work under special conditions (such as high temperature, high friction). 1.2 Raw Material Quality For all iron casting products including machine tool castings, injection molding machine castings and punch press castings, the stability of raw material composition and low impurity content are the core guarantees for casting quality. In the production process, it is necessary to strictly control the content of harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus in the raw materials—excessive sulfur will affect the spheroidization effect of ductile iron casting, and excessive phosphorus will increase the brittleness of grey iron castings and other iron casting products, leading to casting defects such as cracks and pores. 2. Casting Process: The Key to Forming Quality The casting process is a key link in the production of machine tool castings, and its rationality directly determines the shape, size and internal quality of the castings. The casting process of machine tool castings is basically the same as that of injection molding machine castings and punch press castings, mainly including melting, mold design and pouring three core links. 2.1 Melting Melting is the foundation of the casting process. Whether it is machine tool castings, injection molding machine castings or punch press castings, it is necessary to strictly control the melting temperature, holding time and pouring speed. Properly increasing the melting temperature can improve the fluidity of the molten iron, reduce the occurrence of defects such as porosity and cold shut; reasonable holding time can ensure the uniformity of the molten iron composition; stable pouring speed can avoid splashing of the molten iron and reduce the inclusion of gas and impurities. 2.2 Mold Design Rational mold design is crucial to ensure the dimensional accuracy of machine tool castings. Different from injection molding machine castings and punch press castings, machine tool castings often have complex structures and high precision requirements (such as the guide rail and bed of machine tools). Therefore, the mold design needs to fully consider the shrinkage of the casting during solidification, avoid deformation and cracking caused by uneven cooling, and ensure that the dimensional accuracy of the casting meets the design requirements. 2.3 Pouring Pouring is the process of forming the casting. For machine tool castings, injection molding machine castings and punch press castings, selecting the appropriate pouring temperature and speed is the key to ensuring smooth filling of the molten iron. Too high pouring temperature will lead to excessive oxidation of the molten iron and increase the internal defects of the casting; too low pouring temperature will cause poor fluidity of the molten iron and form cold shut defects. At the same time, uniform pouring speed can ensure that the molten iron fills the mold cavity completely, reducing the generation of gas and inclusions. 3. Heat Treatment: Improve Mechanical Properties Heat treatment is an important process to improve the mechanical properties of machine tool castings, ductile iron casting, grey iron castings and other iron casting products, and eliminate internal stress. Different heat treatment methods are selected according to the performance requirements of different castings: Annealing: It is mainly used to relieve the internal stress of machine tool castings, injection molding machine castings and punch press castings, improve the ductility of the castings, and reduce brittleness, which is especially suitable for large-scale machine tool castings and grey iron castings. Normalizing: It can refine the grain structure of the casting, enhance the hardness and strength of the casting, and is suitable for ductile iron casting and alloy cast iron parts in machine tool castings and punch press castings. Quenching & Tempering: It is the most commonly used heat treatment method for high-performance iron casting products. It can comprehensively improve the strength and toughness of the casting, making it meet the performance requirements of key parts such as the main shaft of machine tool castings and the transmission components of punch press castings. 4. Quality Inspection: The Last Line of Defense Quality inspection is an indispensable link to ensure the quality of machine tool castings, and it is also applicable to injection molding machine castings, punch press castings and other iron casting products. The inspection content covers surface quality, dimensional accuracy, internal defects and mechanical properties, mainly including the following aspects: Visual Inspection: Check the surface of the casting for cracks, pores, slag inclusions and other defects, which is the most basic and intuitive inspection method for all iron casting products. Dimensional Inspection: Use precision tools (such as calipers, micrometers, coordinate measuring machines) to detect the size and shape of the casting, ensuring that it meets the design requirements, especially for machine tool castings and precision injection molding machine castings with high precision requirements. Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): Including magnetic particle testing, penetrant testing, ultrasonic testing, etc., which are used to detect internal and surface defects of castings that are not visible to the naked eye, and are widely used in key parts of machine tool castings, punch press castings and ductile iron casting. Mechanical Test: Through tensile, bending, impact and other tests, verify the mechanical properties (strength, toughness, hardness) of the casting, ensuring that it meets the use requirements of different iron casting products such as machine tool castings and injection molding machine castings. 5. Typical Quality Defects and Solutions In the production process of machine tool castings, injection molding machine castings and punch press castings, common quality defects include porosity, cracking and dimensional deviation. The specific causes and solutions are as follows: Porosity: It is mainly caused by high gas content in the raw materials, too fast pouring speed or insufficient exhaust. Solution: Purify the raw materials to reduce gas content, slow down the pouring speed, and add reasonable exhaust ports in the mold design, which is applicable to all iron casting products including grey iron castings and ductile iron casting. Cracking: It is mainly caused by unreasonable mold design, uneven cooling or insufficient stress relief during heat treatment. Solution: Optimize the mold structure to ensure uniform cooling of the casting, and strengthen the annealing process to fully relieve internal stress, which is especially important for large machine tool castings and ductile iron casting. Dimensional Deviation: It is mainly caused by low mold precision, improper shrinkage control or deformation during cooling. Solution: Improve the precision of the mold, reasonably control the shrinkage rate of the casting, and strengthen the dimensional inspection during the production process, which is crucial for machine tool castings and precision injection molding machine castings. 6. Conclusion The quality of machine tool castings, as well as other iron casting products such as injection molding machine castings and punch press castings, depends on four core factors: high-quality raw materials (including grey iron castings, ductile iron casting and alloy cast iron), scientific and standardized casting processes, reasonable heat treatment, and strict quality inspection. Only by strictly controlling each link in the production process, standardizing the operation, and fully considering the characteristics of different iron casting products, can we stably produce high-quality machine tool castings that meet the requirements of mechanical manufacturing, and provide a solid guarantee for the development of the mechanical industry.

Machine Tool Castings: Key Factors Affecting Quality Machine tool castings are key basic components in mechanical manufacturing, and like other common iron casting products such as Injection molding machine castings, Punch press castings, their quality directly affects the overall performance, precision and service life of mechanical equipment. As an important part of the iron casting industry, Machine tool castings have higher requirements for quality and stability compared with ordinary iron casting products. This article focuses on analyzing the key factors affecting the quality of Machine tool castings, including raw materials, casting processes, heat treatment, and inspection methods, and also involves the connection with other related castings such asInjection molding machine castings and Punch press castings. 1. Raw Materials: The Foundation of Quality 1.1 Material Selection The selection of raw materials is the primary link to ensure the quality of Machine tool castings, and it is also an important basis for distinguishing different types ofiron casting products. Common materials for Machine tool castings, Injection molding machine castings, and Punch press castings include Grey iron castings, Ductile iron casting, and alloy cast iron, each with unique characteristics and applicable scenarios: Grey iron castings: It has excellent vibration damping performance, good castability and low production cost, which is widely used in the production of large machine beds, bases of Machine tool castings, and non-load-bearing parts of Injection molding machine castings and Punch press castings. Ductile iron casting: It has high strength and toughness, and its mechanical properties are significantly better than ordinary iron casting products. It is suitable for high-load parts of Machine tool castings, such as the main shaft support and transmission components, as well as key stress-bearing parts of Punch press castings and Injection molding machine castings. Alloy cast iron: It has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance, and is mainly used in Machine tool castings, Injection molding machine castings and Punch press castings that work under special conditions (such as high temperature, high friction). 1.2 Raw Material Quality For all iron casting products including Machine tool castings, Injection molding machine castings and Punch press castings, the stability of raw material composition and low impurity content are the core guarantees for casting quality. In the production process, it is necessary to strictly control the content of harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus in the raw materials—excessive sulfur will affect the spheroidization effect of Ductile iron casting, and excessive phosphorus will increase the brittleness of Grey iron castings and other iron casting products, leading to casting defects such as cracks and pores. 2. Casting Process: The Key to Forming Quality The casting process is a key link in the production of Machine tool castings, and its rationality directly determines the shape, size and internal quality of the castings. The casting process of Machine tool castings is basically the same as that of Injection molding machine castings and Punch press castings, mainly including melting, mold design and pouring three core links, which are also the key to ensuring the quality of all iron casting products. 2.1 Melting Melting is the foundation of the casting process. Whether it isMachine tool castings, Injection molding machine castings or Punch press castings, it is necessary to strictly control the melting temperature, holding time and pouring speed—this is a common requirement for all high-quality iron casting products. Properly increasing the melting temperature can improve the fluidity of the molten iron, reduce the occurrence of defects such as porosity and cold shut; reasonable holding time can ensure the uniformity of the molten iron composition; stable pouring speed can avoid splashing of the molten iron and reduce the inclusion of gas and impurities, which is especially important for Ductile iron casting and Grey iron castings. 2.2 Mold Design Rational mold design is crucial to ensure the dimensional accuracy of Machine tool castings. Different from Injection molding machine castings and Punch press castings, Machine tool castings often have complex structures and high precision requirements (such as the guide rail and bed of machine tools). Therefore, the mold design needs to fully consider the shrinkage of the casting during solidification, avoid deformation and cracking caused by uneven cooling, and ensure that the dimensional accuracy of the casting meets the design requirements—this is also a key point in the mold design of all iron casting products, especially Grey iron castings and Ductile iron casting. 2.3 Pouring Pouring is the process of forming the casting. For Machine tool castings, Injection molding machine castings and Punch press castings, selecting the appropriate pouring temperature and speed is the key to ensuring smooth filling of the molten iron, which directly affects the quality of the final iron casting. Too high pouring temperature will lead to excessive oxidation of the molten iron and increase the internal defects of the casting; too low pouring temperature will cause poor fluidity of the molten iron and form cold shut defects. At the same time, uniform pouring speed can ensure that the molten iron fills the mold cavity completely, reducing the generation of gas and inclusions, which is equally important for Grey iron castings and Ductile iron casting. 3. Heat Treatment: Improve Mechanical Properties Heat treatment is an important process to improve the mechanical properties of Machine tool castings, Ductile iron casting, Grey iron castings and other iron casting products, and eliminate internal stress. Different heat treatment methods are selected according to the performance requirements of different castings, which is a key step to enhance the quality of all iron casting products: Annealing: It is mainly used to relieve the internal stress of Machine tool castings, Injection molding machine castings and Punch press castings, improve the ductility of the castings, and reduce brittleness, which is especially suitable for large-scale Machine tool castings and Grey iron castings. Normalizing: It can refine the grain structure of the casting, enhance the hardness and strength of the casting, and is suitable for Ductile iron casting and alloy cast iron parts in Machine tool castings and Punch press castings. Quenching & Tempering: It is the most commonly used heat treatment method for high-performance iron casting products. It can comprehensively improve the strength and toughness of the casting, making it meet the performance requirements of key parts such as the main shaft ofMachine tool castings and the transmission components of Punch press castings, and is also widely used in Ductile iron casting. 4. Quality Inspection: The Last Line of Defense Quality inspection is an indispensable link to ensure the quality of Machine tool castings, and it is also applicable toInjection molding machine castings, Punch press castings and other iron casting products. The inspection content covers surface quality, dimensional accuracy, internal defects and mechanical properties, mainly including the following aspects, which are applicable to alliron casting products such as Grey iron castings and Ductile iron casting: Visual Inspection: Check the surface of the casting for cracks, pores, slag inclusions and other defects, which is the most basic and intuitive inspection method for all iron casting products, including Machine tool castings, Injection molding machine castings and Punch press castings. Dimensional Inspection: Use precision tools (such as calipers, micrometers, coordinate measuring machines) to detect the size and shape of the casting, ensuring that it meets the design requirements, especially for Machine tool castings and precision Injection molding machine castings with high precision requirements, as well as Ductile iron casting used in key parts. Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): Including magnetic particle testing, penetrant testing, ultrasonic testing, etc., which are used to detect internal and surface defects of castings that are not visible to the naked eye, and are widely used in key parts ofMachine tool castings, Punch press castings and Ductile iron casting. Mechanical Test: Through tensile, bending, impact and other tests, verify the mechanical properties (strength, toughness, hardness) of the casting, ensuring that it meets the use requirements of different iron casting products such as Machine tool castings, Injection molding machine castings, Punch press castings, Grey iron castings and Ductile iron casting.